1236 - Ferdinand III of Castile and Leon took Cordoba in Spain.
1652 - Massachusetts declared itself an independent commonwealth.
1767 - The British Parliament approved the Townshend Revenue Acts. The acts imposed import duties on glass, lead, paint, paper and tea shipped to America.
1776 - The Virginia constitution was adopted and Patrick Henry was made governor.
1804 - Privates John Collins and Hugh Hall of the Lewis and Clark Expedition were found guilty by a court-martial consisting of members of the Corps of Discovery for getting drunk on duty. Collins received 100 lashes on his back and Hall received 50.
1860 - The first iron-pile lighthouse was completed at Minot’s Ledge, MA.
1880 - France annexed Tahiti.
1888 - Professor Frederick Treves performed the first appendectomy in England.
1897 - The Chicago Cubs scored 36 runs in a game against Louisville, setting a record for runs scored by a team in a single game.
1901 - The first edition of "Editor & Publisher" was issued.
1903 - The British government officially protested Belgian atrocities in the Congo.
1905 - Russian troops intervened as riots erupted in ports all over the country. Many ships were looted.
1917 - The Ukraine proclaimed independence from Russia.
1925 - Marvin Pipkin filed for a patent for the frosted electric light bulb.
1926 - Fascists in Rome added an hour to the work day in an economic efficiency measure.
1932 - Siam’s army seized Bangkok and announced an end to the absolute monarchy.
1932 - "Vic and Sade" debuted on NBC radio.
1941 - Joe DiMaggio got a base hit in his 42nd consecutive game. He broke George Sisler's record from 1922.
1946 - British authorities arrested more than 2,700 Jews in Palestine in an attempt to end alleged terrorism.
1950 - U.S. President Harry S. Truman authorized a sea blockade of Korea.
1951 - The United States invited the Soviet Union to the Korean peace talks on a ship in Wonson Harbor.
1953 - The Federal Highway Act authorized the construction of 42,500 miles of freeway from coast to coast.
1954 - The Atomic Energy Commission voted against reinstating Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer's access to classified information.
1955 - The Soviet Union sent tanks to Pozan, Poland, to put down anti-Communist demonstrations.
1956 - Marilyn Monroe and Arthur Miller were married. They were divorced on January 20, 1961.
1966 - The U.S. bombed fuel storage facilities near the North Vietnamese cities of Hanoi and Haiphong.
1967 - Jayne Mansfield, at age 34, and two male companions died when their car struck a trailer truck east of New Orleans.
1967 - Israel removed barricades, re-unifying Jerusalem.
1972 - The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty could constitute "cruel and unusual punishment." The ruling prompted states to revise their capital punishment laws.
1982 - Israel invaded Lebanon.
1987 - Vincent Van Gogh’s "Le Pont de Trinquetaille" was bought for $20.4 million at an auction in London, England.
1995 - The shuttle Atlantis and the Russian space station Mir docked, forming the largest man-made satellite ever to orbit the Earth.
1995 - 501 people were killed when a department store in Seoul, South Korea collapsed. 900 others were injured.
1998 - With negotiations on a new labor agreement at a standstill, the National Basketball Association (NBA) announced that a lockout would be imposed at midnight.
2000 - In Santa Rosa, CA, the official groundbreaking ceremony took place for the Charles M. Schulz Museum.
2007 - The Apple iPhone went on sale.